{"id":16061,"date":"2019-09-20T17:14:00","date_gmt":"2019-09-20T15:14:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sboverseas.org\/?p=16061"},"modified":"2019-09-20T17:14:00","modified_gmt":"2019-09-20T15:14:00","slug":"towards-an-adequate-protection-of-young-people-on-the-move-in-belgium","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sboverseas.org\/fr\/towards-an-adequate-protection-of-young-people-on-the-move-in-belgium\/","title":{"rendered":"Vers une protection ad\u00e9quate des jeunes en mobilit\u00e9 en Belgique"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Cette semaine, nous avons particip\u00e9 \u00e0 une conf\u00e9rence organis\u00e9e par le HCR et la plateforme des mineurs en exil (Plate-forme mineurs en exil). Des universitaires, des entit\u00e9s publiques, des ONG et des tuteurs qui accompagnent les jeunes migrants dans leur d\u00e9marche d'asile se sont r\u00e9unis pour discuter des moyens par lesquels nous pouvons tous travailler ensemble \u00e0 une protection ad\u00e9quate des jeunes en d\u00e9placement.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Au cours de l'\u00e9v\u00e9nement, il est devenu clair que depuis 2015, le nombre de mineurs non accompagn\u00e9s (Mineurs en exil non accompagn\u00e9s<\/em>, ou MENA) , venant de pays et d'horizons diff\u00e9rents, le nombre d'arriv\u00e9es en Europe a augment\u00e9. De plus, m\u00eame si la convention internationale relative aux droits de l'enfant accorde \u00e0 ces mineurs le droit \u00e0 une protection sp\u00e9ciale en raison de leur vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9, il est clair que ces droits et ce soutien sont entrav\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La discussion a mis en \u00e9vidence certains des principaux d\u00e9fis auxquels ces jeunes en mobilit\u00e9 sont confront\u00e9s en Europe. Premi\u00e8rement, les policiers qui sont le premier contact du MENA avec le pays n'ont pas re\u00e7u de formation sp\u00e9cifique qui puisse les aider \u00e0 avoir une entr\u00e9e et une reconnaissance plus amiables en tant que mineurs dans le pays.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Apr\u00e8s leur arriv\u00e9e dans le pays, plus de la moiti\u00e9 de ces jeunes sont confront\u00e9s \u00e0 un deuxi\u00e8me d\u00e9fi : prouver qu'ils sont bien mineurs. En 2018, sur les 4 407 enfants initialement signal\u00e9s comme mineurs, 2 455 (plus de 50%) ont fait l'objet d'une d\u00e9marche de preuve de moins de 18 ans. Cette d\u00e9marche est effectu\u00e9e par les autorit\u00e9s afin d'identifier s'ils sont mineurs, et donc \u00e9ligibles pour recevoir une protection et un soutien sp\u00e9ciaux en vertu de la convention relative aux droits de l'enfant et des protections de l'UE pour les personnes de moins de 18 ans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La plupart des MENA arriv\u00e9s en Belgique l'ann\u00e9e derni\u00e8re avaient entre 16 et 17 ans, des jeunes qui sortiront du r\u00e9gime de protection dans 1 ou 2 ans. Cette situation n\u00e9cessite la mise en place d'une strat\u00e9gie \u00e0 long terme pour les pr\u00e9parer au moment de leurs 18 ans. Dans 1 ou 2 ans, la plupart deviendront des \u00ab jeunes adultes \u00bb avant d'avoir re\u00e7u une r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 leur demande d'asile, mais ils ne le seront plus. l\u00e9galement consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme un enfant. Cette distinction d'\u00e2ge signifie qu'ils sont confront\u00e9s \u00e0 un avenir incertain, avec moins de protections, la possibilit\u00e9 de perdre leur statut, et donc leur protection internationale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

70% des jeunes de ce groupe souffrent de d\u00e9pression, car beaucoup ont \u00e9t\u00e9 forc\u00e9s de quitter leur famille et leurs proches, entre autres pressions \u00e9motionnelles li\u00e9es \u00e0 l'adolescence. Apr\u00e8s un long voyage o\u00f9 ils ont rencontr\u00e9 d'innombrables difficult\u00e9s, ils arrivent enfin dans ce nouveau pays o\u00f9 ils sont seuls et o\u00f9 la langue, la culture, les coutumes, etc. sont diff\u00e9rentes. Raison pour laquelle il est extr\u00eamement important de leur offrir un soutien psychologique et social pouvant les aider \u00e0 g\u00e9rer le stress post-traumatique et les autres cons\u00e9quences d\u00e9coulant de cette r\u00e9alit\u00e9. Durant SB Espoir<\/a> activit\u00e9s avec les jeunes, nous nous concentrons sur les aider \u00e0 s'int\u00e9grer dans la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 belge en tenant compte de tous ces facteurs afin qu'ils puissent commencer \u00e0 se sentir chez eux dans ce nouveau pays.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

M\u00eame des ann\u00e9es apr\u00e8s une exp\u00e9rience traumatisante \u00e0 l'adolescence, \u00e0 l'\u00e2ge adulte, le niveau de traumatisme de ces personnes reste souvent \u00e9lev\u00e9 dans la mesure o\u00f9 les situations et les activit\u00e9s quotidiennes peuvent \u00eatre des d\u00e9clencheurs de traumatisme. Nous pouvons leur apporter un soutien de diff\u00e9rentes mani\u00e8res et il est important de reconna\u00eetre que de nombreuses organisations belges telles que FEDASIL ont mis en place un programme \u00ab\u00a0Buddy\u00a0\u00bb pour aider \u00e0 faire face \u00e0 cette situation. Cependant, l'acc\u00e8s \u00e0 une aide sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9e continue d'\u00eatre un probl\u00e8me pour eux.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ceci n'est qu'un petit \u00e9chantillon des d\u00e9fis et des enjeux li\u00e9s au parcours migratoire d'un Mineur en Europe et plus particuli\u00e8rement en Belgique Il y a encore un manque de sensibilisation sur leur r\u00e9alit\u00e9 et leurs besoins, m\u00eame si des mesures ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es il y a encore un long chemin aller pour atteindre une approche holistique de toutes les organisations avec un personnel professionnel et form\u00e9.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

This week we participated in a conference organized by the UNHCR and the platform for underage children in exile (Plate-forme mineurs en exil ). Scholars, public entities, NGOs and the tutors who guide the young migrants in their asylum process gathered together to discuss the ways in which we can all work together towards an adequate protection of young people on the move. During […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":162,"featured_media":16062,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[137,55],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16061","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-belgium","category-press-releases"],"yoast_head":"\nTowards an adequate protection of young people on the move in Belgium - SBO - D\u00e9veloppement Durable & Aide Humanitaire<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sboverseas.org\/fr\/towards-an-adequate-protection-of-young-people-on-the-move-in-belgium\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Towards an adequate protection of young people on the move in Belgium - SBO - D\u00e9veloppement Durable & Aide Humanitaire\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"This week we participated in a conference organized by the UNHCR and the platform for underage children in exile (Plate-forme mineurs en exil ). 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